In the field of gastroenterological surgery, thanks to the endoscopic system of delivering the laser energy through the optical fibers, diode lasers can be used in the surgical treatment of the following pathologies: tracheoesophageal fistulas, esophageal stenosis, esophageal tumors, colorectal cancer, coagulation of vascular lesions, benign vascular adenomas, obstructive neoplasia, esophageal prosthesis re-channeling and cleaning, Barret's esophagus, excision of polyps.